Friedrich+Nietzsche

My article is about Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. He was born on October 15,1844 and died on August 25,1900. He grew up in a small town of Rocken. When Nietzsche was 4 years old, his father, Karl Ludwig Nietzsche (1813-1849) died from a brain ailment, and the death of Nietzsche's two-year-old brother, Joseph, followed six months later. He had to move with his mother, sister, two aunts and his mother’s father to Naumburg an der Saale. From the ages of 14 to 19, Nietzsche attended a first- rate boarding school, Schulpforta, located not far from Naumburg, where he prepared for university studies. After graduating from Schulpforta, Nietzsche entered the University of Bonn in 1864 as a theology and philology student, and his interests soon gravitated more exclusively towards philology. In 1867, as he approached the age of 23, Nietzsche entered his required military service and was assigned to an equestrian field artillery regiment close to Naumburg.While attempting to leap-mount into the saddle, he suffered a serious chest injury and was put on sick leave. In November 1868 he met Richard Wagner. Both of them shared an enthusiasm for Schopenhauer. Nietzsche admired Wagner for his musical genius and magnetic personality.

Friedrich Nietzsche challenged the foundations of Christianity and traditional morality. Creativity, health and the realities of the world we live in were his three points of believing. The central of his philosophy is the idea of “life-affirmation”, which it involves an honest questioning of all doctrines that drain’s life’s energies. His philosophy has inspired leading figures in all walks of cultural life such as : dancers, poets, novelists, painters, psychologists, philosophers, sociologists and social revolutionaries. He was one of the greatest writers and psychologists between all others philosophers.

Some central elements of Nietzsche’s philosophy are: i) There are no absolute and fixed truths- human believes things to be true that are not true. ii) Reality is a flux, an endless becoming that is beyond words and language - all language is metaphor, useful to us but ultimately detached from reality (metaphysics is dead). iii)Thus fixed truths in religion and morality are an illusion. We created them, thus "God is dead" and morality is relative to the individual. iv) This metaphorical nature of all knowledge leads to nihilism and the abyss of uncertainly - that the foundations of human civilization are based on lies.

=Books by Nietzsche=


 * //The Birth of Tragedy// (1872)
 * //On Truth and Lies in a Nonmoral Sense// (1873)
 * //Untimely Meditations// (1876): Following by:
 * "David Strauss: the Confessor and the Writer" (1873)
 * "On the Advantage and Disadvantage of History for Life" (1874). Also translated "On the Use and Abuse of History for Life."
 * "Schopenhauer as Educator" (1874)
 * "Richard Wagner in Bayreuth" (1876): One of Nietzsche's earliest critiques of Wagner, even though he and Wagner were still friends at the time.
 * //Human, All Too Human// (1878): Than he added:
 * //The Wanderer and His Shadow// (1880):
 * //Daybreak// (1881)
 * //The Gay Science// (1882)
 * //Thus Spoke Zarathustra// (1883)
 * //Beyond Good and Evil// (1886)
 * //On the Genealogy of Morality// (1887)
 * //The Case of Wagner// (1888)
 * //Twilight of the Idols// (1888)
 * //The Anti-Christ// (1888)
 * //Ecce Homo// (1888)
 * //Nietzsche contra Wagner// (1888)
 * //The Will to Power//: